Saturday, February 16, 2013

COLLEGE ENGLISH 2 [post #1] semester 2, 2013

< Review Constitution of Belize Chapter 4 of the Laws of Belize, Part II “Protection of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms.” Choose two of those fundamental rights and freedom and explain.

22 comments:

  1. Protection of freedom of movement
    This is the law that states that any citizen of Belize has the right to move freely throughout Belize. The right to live anywhere, the right to enter and the right to leave Belize at anytime. If the person’s right is being violated then they have the right to go to the law and make a complaint. A impartial tribunal presented by a person appointed by a chief of justice will review the case.

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    1. Yes, I completely agree, every person deserves this right an d no one should have it taken away from them.

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  2. Protection of right to privacy
    A person shall not have unlawful interference with his family, privacy, home or correspondence nor to unlawful attacks on his reputation and honour. No person shall be denied the opportunity to gain his living by work whether it’s by pursuing a profession or occupation. Anything that has to do with the person privacy.

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  3. Explain the law, plus you can give examples. Don't give your opinion .where is the other fundamental? YOu need to cite and explain 2

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  4. Protection of Freedom of Movement

    10.-(1) A person shall not be deprived of his freedom of movement, that is to
    say, the right to move freely throughout Belize, the right to reside in any part of
    Belize, the right to enter Belize, the right to leave Belize and immunity from
    expulsion from Belize.

    Every person, under the law, has the fundamental right and freedom to move freely throughout Belize. Therefore, the law recognizes the freedom of the individual to move from one district to another or to any community whether it is for work or for pleasure.

    Protection of Freedom of Expression

    12.-(1) Except with his own consent, a person shall not be hindered in the
    enjoyment of his freedom of expression, including freedom to hold opinions
    without interference, freedom to receive ideas and information without interference, freedom to communicate ideas and information without interference
    (whether the communication be to the public generally or to any person or class
    of persons) and freedom from interference with his correspondence.

    The law of Belize recognizes the right of the individual to express his or her thoughts or ideas whether it is a popular opinion or not or whether it denigrates the dignity of a person or not. And while the individual is allowed to express his or her thoughts, they can not choose to behave whichever way they want because certain actions such as violence intervenes with the rights of others as protected by the law. However, the freedom of right to expression is intended to promote the diversity of opinions and no opinion will be muffled.

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  5. Below are explanations of two fundamental rights and freedom from the Belize, Part II “Protection of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms.”

    Protection of freedom of expression:
    Freedom of expression means that a person has the right to say and express him/herself in many different ways. They have the right to their own views, beliefs, thoughts and opinions and to express his/her views and ideas on their own or in a group without interference. This applies in many different cases, unless the language is insulting to particular racial or ethnic group’sthen lawful restriction on expression would be imposed. In other word it can be restricted in situations such as protecting public health or safety, preventing crime and protecting the rights of others. Your freedom of expression can be exercised in speaking out loud,producing works of art, television or radio broadcasting, communication through the internet,publishing articles or books and leaflets, some forms of commercial information such as advertisements, and other activities.

    Protection from inhuman treatment:
    Inhuman treatment is a serious violation of human rights and is strictly prohibited by the law of Belize and in the international law. This also includes torture committed by agents of the state such as police officers, soldiers, prison guards etc. This simply means that according to the law of Belize you should be protected against any kind of inhumane treatment.Inhuman treatment or punishment includes serious physical assaults, psychological interrogation, inhuman detention conditions or restraints, failing to give medical treatment or taking it away from a person with a serious illness, threatening to torture someone, if the threat is real and immediate.Your right not to be tortured or treated in an inhuman or degrading way is absolute. This means it must never be limited or restricted in any way.

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  6. Protection of Freedom of Expression

    12.-(1) Except with his own consent, a person shall not be hindered in the
    enjoyment of his freedom of expression, including freedom to hold opinions
    without interference, freedom to receive ideas and information without interference, freedom to communicate ideas and information without interference
    (whether the communication be to the public generally or to any person or class
    of persons) and freedom from interference with his correspondence.
    A person shall not be mired in the delight of his freedom of expression, including freedom to hold views
    without intervention, freedom to receive ideas and information without intervention, freedom to converse ideas and information without intervention. even if the communication be to the communication was to the general public or to any class of person .They also have the freedom from interference with their communication. All this can be done only by his or her own approval.

    Protection of freedom of movement.

    10.-(1) A person shall not be deprived of his freedom of movement, that is to
    say, the right to move freely throughout Belize, the right to reside in any part of
    Belize, the right to enter Belize, the right to leave Belize and immunity from
    expulsion from Belize.
    A citizen cannot be underprivileged when it comes to their freedom of movement. He or she has the right and the privilege to move liberally throughout Belize. They should also have the right to live in any area of the country and also the right to enter and leave the country of Belize as they wish. They also have protection from removal from Belize. Some imposition of constraints do exists.

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  7. The protection of freedom of movement
    The constitution of Belize states that a person should not be deprived of his freedom of movement and has the right to move freely throughout the country of Belize, the right to enter and leave Belize as they choose.
    Everyone has the right to move freely throughout the country, if the person chooses to live in Corozal, that is their right and the law cannot tell them that they cannot reside in Corozal town.

    The right to privacy
    The constitution states that ”person shall not be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference
    with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to unlawful attacks on
    his honour and reputation. The private and family life, the home and the personal
    Correspondence of every person shall be respected.”
    Privacy is an individual's rights to determine what information they would like others to know about themselves; which people are permitted that information; and the ability to determine when those people can access that information.
    for example if someone choose to be homosexual but wants to keep it in the privacy of their own homes that’s their choice, but the laws of Belize states that anyone caught committing an unnatural act weather inside their homes or in public will have criminal charges brought upon them and that is a violation of the constitution.

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  8. In every country, there is a constitution that gives the citizens, and outlines their fundamental rights and freedoms. The laws of Belize outline these rights and freedoms. In reference to the Belize Constitution, Chapter 4 Arrangement of Sections Part 11 Fundamental Rights and Freedoms, I will be outlining and expanding two of them:

    • Protection of right to life – “4.-(1) A person shall not be deprived of his life intentionally save in execution of the sentence of a court in respect of a criminal offence under any law of which he has been convicted.” This states that no one should be killed intentionally. If this is done, the person who commits this crime will face criminal charges in the court of law. For example, I have a right to my life and to be protected if someone tries to endanger my life. So if someone tries to harm me or take away my life, that person is entitled to charges or even imprisonment by the court of justice. “(2) A person shall not be regarded as having been deprives of his life in contravention of this section if he dies as the result of the use, to such extent and in such circumstances as are permitted by law, of such force as is reasonably justifiable – (a) for the defense of any person from violence or for the defense of property; (b) in order to effect a lawful arrest or to prevent the escape of a person lawfully detained; (c) for the purpose of suppressing a riot, insurrection or mutiny; or (d) in order to prevent the commission by that person of a criminal offense, or if he dies as the result of a lawful act of war.” This is just stating that if a person loses his life in any of the cases mentioned, then no one will be held responsible.

    • “7. No person shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading punishment or other treatment” This is simply saying that no one should be treated any other way than intended by nature. For example, is someone tortures me in a way such that causes severe pain to me. That person will more than likely be entitled to punishment by the legal system.


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  9. The following are explanations of two fundamental rights and freedoms from Part 11, “Protection of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms.” of The Constitution of Belize.
    Protection of Right to Life:

    4.-(1) A person shall not be deprived of his life intentionally save in execution
    of the sentence of a court in respect of a criminal offence under any law
    of which he has been convicted. This basically means that a person is entitled to the right of life, and no person has the authority to deprive them of that right. Each and every citizen has this right, so if a person should lose their life intentionally by the act of another person, the person who took their life is entitled to face charges and imprisonment by the court of justice.(2) A person shall not be regarded as having been deprived of his
    life in contravention of this section if he dies as the result of the use, to such
    extent and in such circumstances as are permitted by law, of such force as is
    reasonably justifiable-Fundamental rights and freedoms. (a) for the defence of any person from violence or for the defence of property;(b) in order to effect a lawful arrest or to prevent the escape of a person lawfully detained;(c) for the purpose of suppressing a riot, insurrection or mutiny; or d) in order to prevent the commission by that person of a criminal offence, or if he dies as the result of a lawful act of war. This simply states that if a person should lose their life due to any of the previously mentioned causes, there will be no one held responsible.

    Protection from Slavery and Forced Labour:
    8.-(1) No person shall be held in slavery or servitude.(2) No person shall be required to perform forced labour.(3) For the purposes of this section, the expression “forced labour” does not include-(a) any labour required in consequence of the sentence or order
    of a court;(b) labour required of any person while he is lawfully detained that, though not required in consequence of the sentence or order of a court, is reasonably necessary in the interests of hygiene or for the maintenance of the place at which he is
    detained;(c) any labour required of a member of a disciplined force in pursuance of his duties as such or, in the case of a person who has conscientious objections to service as a member of a naval ,military or air force, any labour that that person is required by law to perform in place of such service; or(d) any labour required during any period of public emergency or in the event of any accident or natural calamity that threatens the life and well-being of the community, to the extent that the requiring of such labour is reasonably justifiable in the circumstances of any situation arising or existing during that period or as a result of that accident or natural calamity, for the purpose of dealing with that situation.
    The law stated above is Protection from Slavery and Forced Labour. This means that no person should be subjected to slavery and forced labour under any circumstances. However, this excludes any labour done as punishment/consequence for a crime. For example such labour can include community service that is issued to a person as a punishment for a petty crime. Other excluded instances may include cases of public emergencies such as hurricanes where public officers such as nurses, police, BDF etc. must report to work.


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  10. Protection of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms

    3. Whereas every person in Belize is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest, to each and all of the following, namely-
    (a) life, liberty, security of the person, and the protection of the law;
    This fundamental right is very important for all citizens of Belize. The right to life, liberty, security of person, and the protection of the law are rights that must be respected by all Belizeans. The right to life is a very important right hence the reason there is a crime known as Murder and is dealt with accordingly if anyone intentionally and unlawfully takes the life of another person. Imagine if there was no law against the taking away of another person’s life there would be total chaos and killing everywhere. The right to liberty is also very important. This right enables all Citizens to move freely both within and out of Belize and as long as it is done lawfully no one could stop you from your right to liberty. The right of security of person is again essential because we need to be able to secure ourselves, family and property from all unlawful interferences. The protection of the law is also one of the most important right, we need the protection of our security forces so that we could be safe in public and private areas.
    3. Whereas every person in Belize is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest, to each and all of the following, namely-
    (b) freedom of conscience, of expression and of assembly and association;
    The fundamental rights of freedom of conscience, of expression, and of assembly and association is a very important right that allows us to think whatever we want as long as it does not harm or annoy any other person by doing so. The right to expression is a very tricky right and we Belizean tend to abuse this right. The law again has provisions that do not allow anyone to express themselves freely if it is not in lawful or descent manner. The right of assembly and association is a right that has allow our country to be democratic and has made citizens able to join together and fight for a cause that will benefit not harm the community. In Belize we are entitled to these rights, the supreme law being the constitution of Belize allows us to be able to exercise these rights but in a healthy and civilized fashion. The laws of Belize also persecuted anyone who by exercising his/her fundamental rights harms or even annoys other citizens. Furthermore, just as we have rights so does all the other citizens of this country, so we need to respect others so others can respect us.

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  11. Protection from inhuman treatment.

    7. No person shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading punishment or other treatment.

    No person of Belize should be endangered by any cruelty or to merciless or demeaning punishment or other malicious treatment. Regardless of any circumstances the person is in, they are to be treated with respect.

    Protection from slavery and forced labour.

    8.-(1) No person shall be held in slavery or servitude.

    No person in the country of Belize should be a slave too anyone. They are not to be forced to work or to do anything that the individual disagree to do. A person should be working of their own free will.

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  12. 8. Protection from slavery and forced labor
    No person should be held as a slave and be forced to do any activity or work against their own free will. The only time this doesn’t apply is when they are under lawful detention, obligated to do work (in military), or when there is an emergency where there is threatening of lives and the wellbeing of the community and a certain task is forced to be done in order to stop a certain outcome.

    13. Protection of right to privacy
    A person has the right to keep all activities occurring in his or her home, family, business, etc., to themselves if it is in accordance with the law. Whatever is chosen to do in their private or family life should be respected.

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  13. Protection of freedom of expression

    12.-(1) The protection of freedom of expression law enables you to communicate whether it is orally or printed without restraints. It gives you the right to express yourself. However, this is one of our main social characters. This law prohibits anyone from interfering with anyone's personal opinion or speech. Also, it enhances self-esteem by not having fear of being punished. For example, people can protest against government decisions without being condemed.

    The protection of freedom of movement

    10.-(1) The protection of freedom of movement law ensures that no one should be deprived of the liberty of movement. However, it serves as an advantage because everyone is entitled to have his or her own residence. For example, civilians should have a right to travel especially in the case of a disaster.

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  14. Protection of right to privacy:
    14.-(1) A person shall not be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to unlawful attacks on his honour and reputation. The private and family life, the home and the personal correspondence of every person shall be respected.
    (2) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this section to the extent that the law in question makes provision of the kind specified in subsection (2) of section 9 of this Constitution.
    Explanation:
    This means that one's life in their "home or correspondence" should not be randomly interfered with, not unless by his or her consent. No one can decide to randomly interfere with one's business at home. Unless it is "in the interest of defense, public safety, public order, public morality, public health, town and country planning, the development and utilisation of mineral resources or the development or utilisation of any property for a purpose beneficial to the community;", "protecting the right or freedom of others", or any government body searching the premises for taxation, rate, or due or in order to carry out work connected with any property that is lawfully on those premises that belongs to any government body, and or unless they have a court order. This protection of right to privacy also means that no one has the right to defame anyone's name. Not unless there is enough provision of evidence. Otherwise the private house hold and family life style should be respected and not interfered with.

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  15. Protection of right to work:
    15.-(1) No person shall be denied the opportunity to gain his living by work which he freely chooses or accepts, whether by pursuing a profession or occupation or by engaging in a trade or business, or otherwise.(2) It shall not be inconsistent with subsection (1) of this section to require, as a condition for embarking upon or continuing work, the payment of professional fees, trade or business licence fees, or similar charges, or the possession of appropriate licences or qualifications.
    (3) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this section to the extent that the law in question makes reasonable provision-
    (a) that is required in the interests of defence, public safety, public order, public morality or public health;
    (b) that is required for the purpose of protecting the rights or freedoms of other persons; or
    (c) for the imposition of restrictions on the right to work of any person who is not a citizen of Belize.Explanation:Everyone has the right to a job. He or she can seek a job that suits their lifestyle whether by means of a professional occupation, trade, business, or anything of the sort, so long as he or she chooses it. This however does not mean that as an employer you should have the employee working in inhumane conditions and that also as an employee you should not be exploited or forced to work. As an employee you should be compensated based on your abilities and integrity. All means of livelihood are acceptable, however there are requirements that an employer must have in mind when providing a job, for example:
    "(a) that is required in the interests of defence, public safety, public order, public morality or public health;
    (b) that is required for the purpose of protecting the rights or freedoms of other persons; or
    (c) for the imposition of restrictions on the right to work of any person who is not a citizen of Belize".All these, meaning that when someone is hired the employer must not only look for profits for himself but also to treat the employee in a fair, just and impartial manner and must also be sure to cause no harm to the public. If these aren't in place and there is enough evidence, therefore the law can intervene to assist the employee and or the public.

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  16. 12. Protection of freedom of expression
    A person shall not be hindered in the enjoyment of his freedom of expression, including freedom to hold opinions without interference, freedom to receive ideas and information without interference, freedom to communicate ideas and information without interference (whether the communication be to the public generally or to any person or class of persons) and freedom from interference with his correspondence.
    Basically freedom of expression means that we all have a right to express what we believe in or a right to say what you want when you want without being mired.


    4. Protection of right to life.

    1) A person shall not be deprived of his life intentionally save in execution of the sentence of a court in respect of a criminal offense under any law of which he has been convicted.
    (2) A person shall not be regarded as having been deprived of his life in contravention of this section if he dies, as the result of the use, to such extent and in such circumstances as are permitted by law, of such force as is reasonably justifiable. This means you have the right to life law protects it. No one can intentionally take your life. If this happens, then law would punish the person or persons who commit the crime.

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  17. The Belize constitution act, Chapter 4, Revised Edition 2000, stating all the laws as at October 28th, 2002.
    The right to protection of freedom of movement states several subtopics that must be considered when going about planning a movement. It states that “A person shall not be deprived of his freedom of movement, that is to say, the right to move freely throughout Belize, the right to reside in any part of Belize, the right to enter Belize, the right to leave Belize and immunity from expulsion from Belize.” As a citizen of Belize, you must act in a way so that if anything should happen and there is a need that this law should be applied to you it can be applied without any concerns. This is that you should not be participating in any illegal activities such as: illegal entering the Belize, doing contraband things, you are not a citizen; you have a criminal report etc.

    Right to Protection of Freedom and Conscience. This law applies to an individual where by he/she gave his/her own consent. It states that “Except with his own consent, a person shall not be hindered in the enjoyment of his freedom of conscience, including freedom of thought and of religion, freedom to change his religion or belief and freedom, either alone or in community with others, and both in public and in private, to manifest and propagate his religion or belief in worship, teaching, practice and observance.” Another part of this right is states “Except with his own consent (or, if he is a person under the age of eighteen years, the consent of his parent or guardian) a person attending any place of education, detained in any prison or corrective institution or serving in a naval, military or air force shall not be required to receive religious instruction or to take part in or attend any religious ceremony or observance if that instruction, ceremony or observance relates to a religion which is not his own.”This simply means that before entering into any legal binding agreement one must be at the age of consent (18 years) and he/she should not be obligated to participate in any religious activities, well apart from his own.

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  18. Protection of Freedom of Movement
    This law in the constitution highlights each citizens’ rights to move freely as they please throughout Belize. It also highlights that one has the right to reside/ live anywhere on Belizean territory and the right to enter and exit Belizean territory as he/she pleases. The individual has the right to move from district to district, village to village, community to community for his/her own pleasures or job related activities.
    For example: An individual living in Belize City has the right to travel everyday for work in Belmopan or in the Cayo District or if that person chooses to live in Belmopan after a period of time, he cannot be told otherwise. It is his choice.
    Protection of Right to Privacy
    This constitution reads “any person should not be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference
    with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to unlawful attacks on
    his honor and reputation. The private and family life, the home and the personal
    correspondence of every person shall be respected.”
    No person should be disapproved the right to his/ her privacy and that of his family as well. Privacy refers to the ability to conceal or disclose your personal information. You have the right to do this. An individual also has the right to conceal information within your family if it is agreement with the laws of Belize.

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